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It will come as no surprise to those of us who enjoy watching and feeding the birds in our gardens and green spaces that the number of birds has been decreasing since records began, in the 1970s. However, according to a recently published report from Defra, the decline is speeding up. The report states that over the past five years, the numbers of all species have fallen by 4% across the UK, and by 7% in England.

The impact of avian influenza is believed to be a major factor in the decline of seabirds, while the effects of intensive agriculture and habitat loss caused by the removal of hedgerows are negatively affecting farmland species. Recent reports indicate that long-term farmland bird populations have decreased by around 62%. Upland birds also seem to be struggling, but there is some good news for woodland birds, as their numbers are believed to be stabilising. Rare species such as Turtle doves appear to be making a comeback, thanks to the efforts of forward-thinking farmers who are adopting more sustainable farming practices.

But what does this mean for those of us who are not farmers and do not own or control any woodland? The answer could be quite significant, as, according to Ordnance Survey, the total area of land in all our gardens is 521,872 hectares. To put this into perspective, it is the combined area of the Norfolk Broads, Exmoor, Dartmoor, and the Lake District National Park. Whatever we do, collectively, it could make a significant difference. If all those garden areas were more wildlife-friendly, the positive impact on biodiversity could be substantial. As for the birds, the more help and support we can provide in terms of habitat, food, and nest sites, the better.

Unless you are lucky enough to own a very large garden, it is unlikely that any of us will be able to make a significant positive impact on the numbers of upland and farmland birds by putting up bird feeders in our gardens, but let’s not be discouraged by the challenge. With increasing pressure on all wildlife areas due to climate change, our need to help is more important than ever, particularly during the winter months.

This year, there appears to be an abundance of natural food, but it arrived early. As a result, there is a chance that this food source will be depleted sooner. If this coincides with a severe winter, it is reasonable to assume that the pressure on the birds will be quite significant. This is where we can step in, lend a hand, feed regularly, and ensure there is an adequate supply of clean water. In damp conditions, clean feeders frequently and remove moisture-laden food that may quickly rot in wetter weather.

As our own menus change with the arrival of the colder months, resist the temptation to offer leftovers that could potentially harm the birds. Don’t offer salted, seasoned or processed foods, and avoid others that could swell up when consumed. Don’t be tempted to use the fat from a roast, as this could easily cause problems with the bird’s plumage. Fat balls and suet blocks are ideal and provide plenty of calories. Vine House Farm’s partner, the BTO, says that “research shows that when natural foods fail, many birds turn to garden feeders for help.” Read more about helping birds here.

The latest Defra report provides some stark statistics when it comes to bird numbers, but although private individuals can’t solve the whole problem, we can all play our part to help redress the balance. Providing food, water and a safe habitat not only benefits the birds but also helps us all reconnect with nature.